Delineation of the functional properties exhibited by the Zinc-Activated Channel (ZAC) and its high-frequency Thr128Ala variant (rs2257020) in Xenopus oocytes

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The signalling characteristics of the Zinc-Activated Channel (ZAC), a member of the Cys-loop receptor (CLR) superfamily, are presently poorly elucidated. The ZACN polymorphism c.454G>A encoding for the Thr128Ala variation in ZAC is found in extremely high allele frequencies across ethnicities. In this, the first study of ZAC in Xenopus oocytes by TEVC electrophysiology, ZACThr128 and ZACAla128 exhibited largely comparable pharmacological and signalling characteristics, but interestingly the Zn2+- and H+-evoked current amplitudes in ZACAla128-oocytes were dramatically smaller than those in ZACThr128-oocytes. While the variation thus appeared to impact cell surface expression and/or channel properties of ZAC, the similar expression properties exhibited by ZACThr128 and ZACAla128 in transfected mammalian cells indicated that their distinct functionalities could arise from the latter. In co-expression experiments, wild-type and variant ZAC subunits assembled efficiently into “heteromeric” complexes in HEK293 cells, while the concomitant presence of ZACAla128 in ZACThr128:ZACAla128-oocytes did not exert a dominant negative effect on agonist-evoked current amplitudes compared to those in ZACThr128-oocytes. Finally, the structural determinants of the functional importance of the 1-hydroxyethyl side-chain of Thr128 appeared to be subtle, as agonist-evoked current amplitudes in ZACSer128-, ZACVal128- and ZACIle128-oocytes also were substantially lower than those in ZACThr128-oocytes. In conclusion, the functional properties exhibited by ZAC in this work substantiate the notion of it being an atypical CLR. While the impact of the Thr128Ala variation on ZAC functionality in oocytes is striking, it remains to be investigated whether and to which extent this translates into an in vivo setting and thus could constitute a source of inter-individual variation in ZAC physiology.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer105653
TidsskriftPharmacological Research
Vol/bind169
Antal sider18
ISSN1043-6618
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2021

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
The work was supported by the Danish Council of Independent Research for Medical Sciences , NIH-National Institute of Mental Health grant ( MH097446 ), and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke ( NS108378 , NS111064 and NS111338 ). Drs. Nina Braun and Mette Homann Poulsen are thanked for their kind help in connection with the biotinylation experiments.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd

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